What is absorption? Absorption is a mechanism in chemistry, in which a substance contained in one state is passed to another substance in a different state such as gases absorbed by a liquid, or liquids absorbed by a solid. The most widely known use of absorption as an industrial method is for splitting and/or purifying a gas mixture by soaking a part of the mixture in a solvent.
Process of Absorption in Chemistry
Absorption is a physical or chemical mechanism or a process where atoms, molecules or ions join a certain bulk state-liquid or solid. This is a separate method from adsorption since absorbing molecules are picked up by the length, not by the surface, as in the case of adsorption. Adsorption is centered on the surface where an adsorbate film is being formed on the air, and absorption requires the entire amount of the absorbent agent.
Chemical absorption is used in many technically relevant applications instead of the physical process, for example, carbon dioxide absorption by sodium hydroxide these acid-base applications do not obey the Nernst partition law. The procedure of retention implies that a substance catches and changes the energy. The absorbent conveys the material it catches all through entire and adsorbent just disperses it through the surface. Gas or liquid process which penetrates the adsorbent body is generally referred to as absorption.
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Characteristics of Absorption
- It is a bulk phenomenon.
- In this mechanism heat exchange occurs through the Endothermic process.
- The temperature has no effect on the process absorption occurs at a uniform rate.
- And concentration remains constant throughout the medium.
Types of Absorption
- Physical Absorption: Physical diffusion of a gas or part of a gas mixture in a liquid solution involves the transfer of mass that occurs at the gas-liquid interface and The amount of diffusion of the gas into the liquid. The physical diffusion of gases in a liquid solution depends on the gaseous solubility and the parameters of pressure and temperature. For example, when Ammonia NH3 absorbed into water H2O.
- Chemical Absorption: Chemical absorption requires a chemical reaction between both the absorbing material and the absorbent medium. Which occur in tandem with actual absorption in some situations. Chemical absorption relies on the stoichiometry of the process and the reactant concentrations. For example, Elimination of some hydrogen sulfide H2S gas from feedstock to processing plant for ammonia.
Each type of absorption can be either reversible or irreversible.
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